首页|Eye contact and sociability data suggests that Australian dingoes were never domesticated

Eye contact and sociability data suggests that Australian dingoes were never domesticated

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Dogs were the first animal to become domesticated by humans, and they represent a classic model system for unraveling the processes of domestication. We compare Australian dingo eye contact and socialization with Basenji and German Shepherd dog (GSD) breeds. Australian dingoes arrived in Australia 5,000–8,000 BP, and there is debate whether they were domesticated before their arrival. The Basenji represents a primitive breed that diverged from the remaining breeds early in the domestication process, while GSDs are a breed dog selected from existing domestic dogs in the late 1800s. We conducted a 4-phase study with unfamiliar and familiar investigators either sitting passively or actively call-ing each canid. We found 75％ of dingoes made eye contact in each phase. In contrast, 86％ of Basenjis and 96％ of GSDs made eye contact. Dingoes also exhibited shorter eye-gaze duration than breed dogs and did not respond to their name being called actively. Sociability, quantified as a canid coming within 1 m of the experimenter, was lowest for dingoes and highest for GSDs. For sociability duration, dingoes spent less time within 1 m of the experimenter than either breed dog. When compared with previous studies, these data show that the dingo is behaviorally intermediate between wild wolves and Basenji dogs and suggest that it was not domesticated before it arrived in Australia. However, it remains possible that the accumulation of mutations since colonization has obscured historical behaviors, and dingoes now exist in a feralized retamed cycle. Additional morphological and genetic data are required to resolve this conundrum.

BasenjidingodomesticationGerman Shepherd dogeye gazesociability

J William O Ballard、Chloe Gardner、Lucille Ellem、Sonu Yadav、Richard I Kemp

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Department of Ecology,Environment,and Evolution,Latrobe University,Melbourne,VIC 3086,Australia

Department of BioSciences,The University of Melbourne,Melbourne,VIC 3010,Australia

School of Life and Environmental Sciences,University of Sydney,Camperdown,NSW 2006,Australia

Bargo Dingo Sanctuary,Bargo,NSW 2574,Australia

School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences,UNSW Sydney,Sydney,NSW 2052,Australia

School of Psychology,UNSW Sydney,Sydney,NSW 2052,Australia

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Australian Research Council Discover Project

150102038

2022

动物学报(英文版)
中国科学院动物研究所,中国动物学会

动物学报(英文版)

CSCDSCI
影响因子：0.198
ISSN：1674-5507
年,卷(期)：2022.68(4)
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