Three New Earthworm Species of the Genus Metaphire(Oligochaeta:Megascolecidae)From Eastern and Southern China
[Objectives]Metaphire is one of the dominant genera of earthworm family Megascolecidae and is widely distributed in eastern and southern China.However,there are relatively few new species reports of this genus in recent years.[Methods]Morphological taxonomy methods and DNA barcode technology were used to identify the new species.Genetic distance between species were calculated using the Bootstrap and p-distance methods.[Results]Herein,three new species of earthworms belonging to the genus Metaphire(Oligochaeta:Megascolecidae)from China were described.They are named M.xiangtoumontis Dong & Jiang sp.nov.,M.hanbaiduensis Dong & Sun sp.nov.and M.changbaimontis Dong & Shen sp.nov.(Fig.1-3).M.xiangtoumontis belongs to the M.insulana-group,it has two pairs of spermathecae in 7/8-8/9.M.hanbaiduensis belongs to the M.houlleti-group,it has three pairs of spermathecae in 6/7-8/9.M.changbaimontis belongs to the M.glandularis-group,and it has two pairs of spermathecae in 6/7-7/8.Morphological descriptions,pictures,morphological comparisons with similar species,and COI barcode data for all the new species were provided.Additionally,sequences of the other species that are closely related to the new species were retrieved from GenBank(Table 1).The pairwise distances between each new species and the other related species are greater than the interspecies genetic distance(usually less than 1％)and meets the range of intraspecies genetic distance(8.3％-13.0％,and above),so they have at least species level genetic difference(Table 2).[Conclusion]In summary,based on different morphological characters combined with the genetic evidence,we could conclude that the three new species are different from the previously described species and from each other.In addition,M.changbaimontis was the first new specie record of the earthworm genus Metaphire that collected in Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve.
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