弗兰克-赫兹实验的不同数据处理方法对比及第一性原理模拟
Comparison of Different Data Processing Methods and First Principle Simulations of Frank-Hertz Experiments
刘律廷 1牛相宏 1李永涛1
作者信息
- 1. 南京邮电大学 理学院,江苏 南京 210023
- 折叠
摘要
弗兰克-赫兹实验对于验证电子能量的量子化有着重要的意义,是近代物理实验中的经典.然而,实验结果一般受实验条件和数据处理方法的限制.本文利用Matlab软件对测量的八组数据进行分段的线性插值、三次Hermite插值及三次样条插值并绘制曲线图,计算单原子气体氩的第一激发电位,比较发现三次样条插值拟合的曲线更加平滑且结果的一致性更好.同时,通过以量子力学为基础的第一性原理计算得到了气体氩的第一激发电位,并将其与实验结果进行了对比分析,发现相比Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof(PBE)泛函,使用Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof(HSE06)泛函计算的第一激发电位与实验值有更好的吻合,而自旋轨道耦合的引入会导致能级的劈裂,但不会明显改变激发电位.
Abstract
The Frank-Hertz experiment is important for verifying the quantization of electron energy and is a classic in recent physics experiments.However,the experimental results are generally limited by the experimental conditions and data processing methods.In this paper,Matlab software is used to calculate the first excitation potential of monatomic gas argon by segmented linear interpolation,three times Hermite interpolation and three times spline interpolation and plotting the curve of eight sets of measured data,and it is found that the curve fitted by three times spline interpolation is smoother and the consistency of the results is better.Meanwhile,the first excitation potential of the gas argon is obtained by the quantum mechanics-based first nature principle calculation,and compared with the experimental results,it is found that compared with the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof(PBE)generalized function,the first excitation potential calculated by using the Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof(HSE06)generalized function has a better agreement with the experimental value,and the introduction of spin-orbit coupling leads to the cleavage of the energy level but does not change the excitation potential significantly.
关键词
弗兰克-赫兹实验/大学物理实验/插值方法/第一性原理Key words
Franck-Hertz experiment/university physics experiments/interpolation method/first principles引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
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