Spindle oil film stiffness will also have an obvious effect on the system control state.After the in-stallation of parts,the position of the centroid will lead to different coaxial results between the spindle and the bearing line.In order to improve the machining accuracy of CNC die forging machine,the surface corru-gability of workpiece was analyzed based on spindle vibration information,and the balance analysis of spindle system in axial direction was carried out.The results show that the frequency characteristic parameters of the spindle system are obtained by power spectral density analysis,and the spindle rotation error is the key fac-tor causing the workpiece roughness.Spectrum correlation test results show that spindle rotation error is one of the key factors causing workpiece roughness.This research is helpful to improve the transmission efficiency of machine tool and improve the precision of machining,and has good practical application value.