Frequency Regulation Method for Electric Vehicles Cluster Based on Disturbance Observer and Robust Model Prediction
王晖南 1王昱瑾1
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作者信息
1. 国网山西省电力公司营销服务中心,太原030032
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摘要
提出1种适用于高渗透率可再生能源孤岛型电网中大量电动汽车EVs(electric vehicles)的频率调节方法.首先,针对系统的降阶模型设计了扰动观测器,为聚集的电动汽车产生附加频率控制信号.该降阶模型通过结合负荷、风电、光伏系统和聚集电动汽车的变化而获得,可以产生1个由扰动观测器估计的集总扰动;然后,提出1种基于Tube模型的鲁棒预测控制RMPC(robust model predictive control)方法,以提供有效的控制信号,提高聚合后电动汽车的响应能力.控制信号的产生是为了以最小的控制动作获得频率偏差误差的最小值,同时考虑各种系统运行物理约束;接着,通过稳定性分析研究了时延对通信链路的影响,获得了时延裕度;最后,通过仿真分析验证了所提方法的有效性,并验证了所提方法相对于传统MPC、模糊比例积分控制和线性二次调节器控制的优越性.
Abstract
A frequency regulation method for a large number of electric vehicles(EVs) in an isolated grid with high permeability renewable energy sources is proposed. First,a disturbance observer is designed for the system's order re-duction model to generate additional frequency control signals for clustered EVs. This order reduction model is obtained by combining the changes in load,wind power,photovoltaic system and clustered EVs,thus generating a lumped distur-bance estimated by the disturbance observer. Second,a robust model predictive control method based on the Tube model is proposed to provide effective control signals to improve the responsiveness of clustered EVs. The control signals are generated to obtain the minimum frequency deviation error by means of the minimum control actions while considering various physical constraints on the system operation. Third,the influence of time delay on communication link is studied through the stability analysis,and the time delay margin is obtained. Finally,through simulation analysis,the effective-ness of the proposed method is verified,and the advantages of the proposed method over traditional model predictive control,fuzzy proportional integral control and linear quadratic regulator control are also verified.
关键词
扰动观测器/电动汽车/负载频率控制/鲁棒控制
Key words
Disturbance observer/electric vehicle(EV)/load frequency control/robust control
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