Evolution Characteristics of Trade Patterns between Countries in the Belt and Road Region
Adopting the analysis methods of kernel density estimation, hierarchical clustering and visualization of heatmaps, this paper examines the evolving patterns of international trade in the Belt and Road region from 2000 to 2021. The results show that:(1) The BRI trade volume has continued to grow and is centralized distributed. The trade gap between countries has narrowed, and the trade volume balance among countries has improved over time. (2) The import and export trade patterns in the Belt and Road region are relatively similar and have underg-one spatial reconstruction. Both export and import trade have polarization effects, and the former is more significant than the latter. The number of trade surplus countries is decreasing while the trade deficit countries are opposite, and the distribution of trade balance has a certain degree of geographical proximity. (3) The agglomeration charac-teristics of trade links are increasingly obvious, and the trade communities are gradually emerging and in dynamic evolution, forming three trade agglomeration regions along the"Belt and Road": China-Southeast Asia, Russia-West Asia-Central and Eastern Europe, and South Asia-Middle East. In the future, China should strengthen eco-nomic and trade cooperation with trade agglomeration regions and important nodes, leading countries to actively par-ticipate in the joint construction of the"Belt and Road".
trade patterninternational tradekernel density estimationthe "Belt and Road"
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