Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) technology provides a new degree of freedom to tackle the problems of the increasingly strained frequency resources, due to its theoretical orthogonal modes and non-interference with each other, which shows a good advantage in expanding the channel capacity. To face complex and diverse wireless communication scenarios, the design of reconfigurable OAM antennas is the physical layer basis for multi-mode multiplexing, intelligent information sensing, and artificial intelligence antennas. In this paper, the design method and characteristics of OAM reconfigurable antenna are studied according to the realization mechanism of reconfigurable antennas. Then, the research progress of reconfigurable OAM antennas is systematically reviewed. Finally, the future design of reconfigurable OAM antenna is discussed.
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