新生代晚期挤压作用下活动背斜区的构造变形特征及其地震地质灾害效应

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中文摘要：活动背斜是第四纪晚期以来在活动挤压构造区域内吸收地壳缩短变形的主要地质构造之一,其是在挤压背景下形成的一个复杂的构造系统,由多种活动构造变形组成.发生在挤压构造区的大地震可以使褶皱相关断层、褶皱陡坎、翼部地形倾斜和地质体缩短等发生同震破裂或地面倾斜,进而引发严重的地震地质灾害,从理论研究和工程抗震两方面均需重视.因此,文章立足现有的逆断层相关褶皱、褶皱侧向扩展等理论,通过典型的主逆冲断层、反冲断层、弯矩断层、弯滑断层、共轭剪切断层和褶皱陡坎等实例,探讨了与褶皱相关的同震活动构造变形对建筑物的影响和破坏作用.研究认为,在强震导致的活动背斜地壳缩短、垂向隆升和侧向扩展过程中,背斜两翼和倾伏端的地面掀斜对重大工程建筑的安全运行构成威胁;同时,区域地壳缩短引发的弯曲变形给跨越活动背斜的重大线状工程造成的潜在地震危险和诱发的地质灾害值得关注.

外文标题：Structural deformation characteristics of active anticline and their implications for seismogeological disaster effect under compression setting in the Late Cenozoic

外文摘要：[Objective]Thrust faults and their associated folds are important structures of continental tectonic deformation,widely distributed at plate boundaries and within plates.The activity of these thrust faults can trigger severe seismic disasters,such as the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan and the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake.However,research on surface ruptures and associated disasters caused by thrust faulting is relatively limited,mainly due to the complexity of their fault propagation processes.Studying thrust faults and their associated folds could enhance the capability of seismic hazard risk assessment and better predict earthquakes and potential secondary disasters.[Methods]This paper first introduces the meanings of fold-related faults and fold scarps and explains the impacts of surface uplift and lateral extension deformations on topography.Taking the Tian Shan active fold zone as an example,the paper focuses on analyzing the structural characteristics and landform deformation patterns of the Hejing thrust-and-fold belt in the northern margin of the Yanchi Basin and the Mingyaole anticline in the southern piedmont of the Tian Shan.It also discusses various types of structures,such as thrust faults,fold-related faults(flexural faults,flexural slip faults,and conjugate shear faults),and their effects on landforms.Based on this,the paper explores the relationship between the growth process of active folds and the formation of seismic geological disasters.[Results and Conclusion]It is believed that in a compressive tectonic environment,the growth of active folds and the formation of fault-related folds cause building displacement,tilting,and damage,thereby generating geological disasters.In particular,it emphasizes that the tilting of the ground on both sides and the footwall of active anticlines during the process of crustal shortening,vertical uplift,and lateral expansion poses a threat to the safe operation of major engineering structures.Simultaneously,the bending deformation caused by regional crustal shortening presents potential seismic risks and triggers geological hazards for significant linear engineering projects spanning active anticlines,warranting attention.

外文关键词：

fold-related faultfold scarpfold growthlateral propagationseismogeological disasters

作者：

杨晓平、陈杰、李安、黄伟亮、张玲、杨海波、胡宗凯、左玉琦

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作者单位：

中国地震局地质研究所,北京 100029

地震动力学国家重点实验室,北京 100029

新疆帕米尔陆内俯冲国家野外科学观测研究站,北京 100029

长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,陕西西安 710054

西部矿产资源与地质工程教育部重点实验室,陕西西安 710054

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关键词：

褶皱相关断层褶皱陡坎褶皱生长侧向扩展地震地质灾害

基金：

国家自然科学基金面上项目国家自然科学基金面上项目国家自然科学基金面上项目青藏高原综合科学考察项目(第二次)中国地震局地质研究所基本科研业务专项地震行业科研专项

项目编号：

4207224941772221405721262019QZKK0901IGGEA1704200808013

出版年：

2024

DOI：

10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2023136

地质力学学报

中国地质科学院地质力学研究所

地质力学学报

CSTPCD北大核心

影响因子：0.5

ISSN：1006-6616

年,卷(期)：2024.30(2)

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