The common defect types of water wall in the process of boiler four-pipe wear and explosion-proof inspection is expounded,and summarizes the characteristics of each defect type,and introduces the function and significance of boiler water wall detection robot used for thermal power station.The adsorption of the wall climbing robot principle,proper structure design,load test test and advantages and limitations of a series of elaboration.It is concluded that the water wall detection robot can reduce the labor intensity and risk,improve the economic benefits of the power station,and can timely enter the furnace when the water wall leaks to carry out internal inspection.