To construct a clean,low-carbon,safe and efficient modem energy system,the state has clearly defined the emission limits of pollutants such as SO2 and NOx for coal-fired power units.The deviation of the load of FGD system occurs during the operation of thermal power units,resulting in the pollutant emission concentration exceeding the limit,and the units have to run at reduced load or shut down.A theoretical output model of the desulfurization and denitrification system is proposed,which can predict the emission concentration of SO2 and NOx under a specified load.By calculating the theoretical consumption of desulfurizer limestone and denitrification reducer ammonia based on material balance,the sufficiency of their supply can be judged.By comparing the theoretical output and actual output of the FGD system,the cause of the load deviation can be quickly determined,and the factors affecting the efficiency decline of desulfurization and denitrification can be analyzed,and solutions can be proposed to ensure that the system meets environmental operation standards.