Solid-state lithium batteries(SSLBs)with high energy density and safety have been one of the important branches in the battery field.However,the high interfacial resistance and poor compatibility between solid-state electrolytes(SSE)and electrode materials severely hinder the rapid development of solid-state lithium batteries.In general,electron transmission microscopy(TEM)is a powerful technique to study the interfacial structure,thus providing an effective way to handle the issue mentioned above.However,solid-state lithium batteries are very sensitive to the irradiation of conventional TEM.In contrast,Cryo-electron microscopy(Cryo-EM)can effectively mitigate irradiation damages,providing accurate and native structural information.This technique contributes to having a deep understanding of the relationship between the interfacial microstructure and the electrochemical properties of SSLBs.This work presents a comprehensive review of the application of Cryo-EM in observing the crystal structure and chemical composition of SSLBs interfaces,shedding light on the mechanism of interface formation and evolution,as well as the failure mechanisms of SSLBs.Additionally,this work outlines the challenges and future research directions in utilizing Cryo-EM for characterizing SSLBs interfaces.
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