专利侵权诉讼中获利返还的证明问题研究
Research on Proof of disgorgement of Profit in Patent Infringement Litigation
魏桂雨1
作者信息
摘要
我国《专利法》构建了以专利权人损失和侵权人获利为基础的二元损害赔偿评价体系.获利返还性质上仍属于损害赔偿责任的范畴.在责任范围领域,其构成要件包括总获利额和因果关系.技术贡献率是总获利额与侵害专利权之间因果关系在度量上的体现.基于获利的"双边性"特征及其蕴含的价值分层,总获利额由专利权人负证明责任,技术贡献率则由侵权人负证明责任.总获利额的证明困难,适用不负证明责任一方当事人的事案解明义务来缓解.专利技术贡献率是评价性的构成要件,其本身不是当事人主张证明的对象.决定专利本身价值的法律价值度、技术价值度、经济价值度的因素中与利润相关的因素的基础事实才是当事人主张和证明的对象.专利技术贡献率的法律性质不是比例原则也不是比例心证.专利技术贡献率遵循具体化主张—具体化否认—本证—反证—法官自由心证的证据调查流程.
Abstract
China's Patent Law has established a dual compensation evaluation system based on the patent holder's losses and the infringer's profits.Disgorgement of profits still falls within the scope of liability for damages.In the scope of responsibility,its constitutive elements include the total amount of profits and causation.The contribution rate of patent is a reflection of the measurement of the causal relationship between the total amount of profits and the infringement.Based on the bilateral nature of profits and the levels of value,the total amount of profits is the burden of proof for the patent holder,while the contribution rate of patent is the burden of proof for the infringer.The difficulty in proving the total amount of profits can be alleviated by applying the theory of the obligation to clarify.The contribution rate of patent is an evaluative element;it is not the object of the parties'claim or proof.Among the factors that determine the legal,technical,and economic value of a patent,only the foundational facts related to profits are the objects of the parties'claim and proof.The contribution rate of patent is neither the proportionality nor proportional standard of proof.The contribution rate of patent follows an evidentiary investigation process that includes specific claims,specific denials,assertive evidence,rebuttal evidence,and the judge's discretional evaluation of evidence.
关键词
获利返还/价值分层/专利技术贡献率/事案解明义务/比例原则Key words
Disgorgement of Profit/Levels of Value/The Contribution Rate of Patent/Obligation to Clarify/Proportionality引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据