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"转向东方"话语下的中俄"东北-远东"地方合作

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普京在2012年开启第三个总统任期后,迅速将以远东开发为载体的"转向东方"政策提上议事日程.2014年乌克兰危机后,俄罗斯进一步将"转向东方"作为国家外交突围、经济纾困的主要策略.2022年俄乌冲突爆发后,在遭受西方阵营集体排挤的情况下,"转向东方"更是成为俄罗斯避免经济被完全排除在全球循环之外的主要依托,也是为俄罗斯经济寻找新增长点的希望."东北-远东"地方合作是俄罗斯"转向东方"以及中国"一带一路"与欧亚经济联盟对接的重要成果之一.比较2012年和2022年的"转向东方",心理、经济、地理结构存在明显差异,使得当前俄罗斯"转向东方"的面貌与十年前相比有不同的呈现,主要表现为:在心理结构上,与西方国家的关系危机严重削弱了俄罗斯的"西方中心主义"倾向;在经济结构上,中国长期高速发展使得俄罗斯"转向东方"依赖中俄合作;在地理结构上,"软硬"基础设施缩短了俄罗斯与东亚的空间距离.与2012年相比,2022年以来俄罗斯"转向东方"无疑更接近于战略选择,而非技术性调整.俄罗斯正以空前开放的姿态面向与中国的合作,为未来中俄"东北-远东"地方合作的全面铺开奠定了基础.
Following the commencement of Vladimir Putin's third presidential term in 2012,he promptly prioritized the"Pivot to the East"policy,taking the development of the Far East as its focal point.The Ukraine crisis in 2014 propelled Russia to intensify its"Pivot to the East"as a primary strategy for diplomatic breakthroughs and economic alleviation.With the escalation of the Russia-Ukraine conflict in 2022 and subsequent isolation by Western nations,turning towards the East has emerged as a critical strategy for Russia to prevent its economy from being completely marginalized from the global system.This shift also represents a vital avenue for discovering new growth opportunities for the Russian economy.The"Northeast-Far East"regional cooperation stands out as a significant accomplishment of Russia's"Pivot to the East",in alignment with China's"Belt and Road"Initiative and the Eurasian Economic Union.The approach to the"Pivot to the East"policy between 2012 and 2022 exhibits marked differences in psychological,economic,and geographical dimensions,rendering the current policy distinct from its inception a decade ago.Psychologically,the crisis in its Western relations has significantly diminished Russia's Eurocentric inclinations.Economically,China's sustained rapid growth has made Russia increasingly dependent on Sino-Russian collaboration during its eastern pivot.Geographically,enhanced"soft and hard"infrastructures have effectively bridged the distance between Russia and East Asia.Compared to 2012,Russia's pivot since 2022 signifies a shift towards a strategic rather than merely tactical adjustment.Russia now engages with China with an unprecedented level of openness,setting the stage for the full-scale advancement of Sino-Russian"Northeast-Far East"regional cooperation in the future.

the Russia-Ukraine ConflictSino-Russian Relationship"Pivot to the East"Sino-Russian"Northeast-Far East"Collaboration

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上海政法学院中国-上海合作组织国际司法交流培训合作基地

教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地华东师范大学俄罗斯研究中心

俄乌冲突 中俄关系 "转向东方" 中俄"东北-远东"合作

国家社科基金青年项目

21CGJ050

2024

俄罗斯研究
华东师范大学

俄罗斯研究

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.622
ISSN:1009-721X
年,卷(期):2024.(1)
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