The world is currently undergoing significant changes not seen in a century,with global and regional superpower competition intensifying,and the strategic importance of Central Asia becoming increasingly prominent.Major countries are adopting a new model of"mini-multilateral"cooperation to interact with Central Asian countries,with external major countries like the United States,China,and Russia successively establishing the"C5+1"mechanism with the five Central Asian nations.Through comparative research,it is observed that the"C5+1"mechanisms of China,the U.S.,and Russia share similarities and differences.Commonalities include their foundation on aligning their own interests with those of the five Central Asian countries,with summits and foreign ministers'meetings as the main forms of dialogue,focusing on politics,security,economy,and health as the primary areas of cooperation.Differences lie in other forms of dialogue,focal issues within the main cooperation areas,attention to other areas beyond the main ones,and external engagement targets.Longitudinal analysis reveals that each country's"C5+1"mechanism has its strengths and weaknesses,forming a complex competitive-cooperative relationship among them.This means that each mechanism holds significant influence,yet cannot exclude the presence and operation of others in Central Asia.In this context,China could adopt a dual approach:continue to leverage and expand its comparative advantages while addressing the weaknesses of its mechanism to ensure the robust operation of the China-Central Asia mechanism,aiming to foster a closer China-Central Asia community of shared future.
"C5+1"MechanismChina and the Central Asian RegionSino-Russian RelationshipU.S.-Russia Relationship
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