The question of the transformation of the state in Russia must be discussed by first clarifying the concept of the state and comprehensively analyzing the changes in Russian politics,economy and society in the 30 years since the collapse of the Soviet Union.The state is defined as an organized community that maintains a monopoly of legitimate violence in a given territory.The main functions of the state include taxation,territorial defense,dispute resolution,regulation,etc.In the 1990s,after the collapse of the Soviet Union,Russia experienced the collapse of the state monopoly,the emergence of an oligarchic economic system through privatization,tax evasion and the spread of the shadow economy,as well as challenges to federal authority from illegally operating groups and informal power structures.After coming to power,Putin restored the independent potential of the state through measures such as suppressing the oligarchs,reforming taxation and strengthening central authority,including control over key areas of the economy and improving the judicial system.Russia has created a capitalist model characterized by state control,with the state controlling key industries such as energy and infrastructure and managing revenues from oil and gas exports through state-owned banks and sovereign wealth funds.In the face of international pressure and sanctions,Russia has tightened domestic political controls by eliminating political rivals and foreign influence,strengthened its police and judicial systems,developed digital government services,and increased its defense budget.Much uncertainty remains about the next stage of Russia's national development,and future trends are difficult to predict,but self-detaching from external interests and replacing external involvement with domestic investment is important.
Russian state transformationRussian state potentialRussian state buildingState capitalism
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