Strategic minerals are fundamental to national defense and the development of high-tech industries,underscoring their undeniable importance.Russia first published its list of strategic minerals in 1996 and has since managed these resources with a focus on resource nationalism.In the context of intensifying global supply chain competition,Russia has adjusted its strategic mineral policies in four main areas:updating the list of strategic minerals,strengthening management of these resources,accelerating the exploration and extraction of strategic minerals,and promoting international cooperation on strategic minerals.These adjustments aim to engage in geopolitical competition,reduce external dependencies,and counter economic sanctions.The adjustments in Russian strategic mineral policy are expected to enhance its position within the global mineral supply chain,intensify the securitization and bloc formation within global mineral supply chains,and,to some extent,alleviate the pressure of geopolitical competition over critical minerals for China.However,implementing Russian strategic mineral policy faces several challenges.On one hand,Western sanctions have hindered the modernization of Russian mining sector;on the other,some developing countries'development of high-quality mineral resources has impacted Russia's mineral export position.Moreover,the rise of resource nationalism in these resource-exporting countries increases the uncertainty of Russia's mineral imports.
Russian Strategic MineralsCritical MineralsGlobal Industry ChainsResource Nationalism
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