The Grammaticalization of the Speech Verb[ua(?)]话in Changle Dialect in Miluo City,Hu'nan Province
The speech verb[ua(ˀ)]话 in Miluo dialect,Hu'nan province,has undergone the poly-grammaticalization,i.e.including a complementizer,a suffix of adverb/conjunction,a topic marker,an evidential marker and a mirative marker.The five functional morphemes are related to semantically complete predicate clauses or sentences,and their evolutions have all been through the indirect speech marker stage.The complementizer,composed of semi-complementizer,exhibits the characteristics of affixes.The suffix of adverb/conjunction is the functional extension of the complementizer.The topic marker is generated from the reported marker,reflecting a new evolutionary type of Chinese speech verbs.Both the evidential marker and the mirative marker belong to evidential modality and the mirative marker is the absorption of the context of the evidentiality.The variation of semantic and grammatical positions is the main reason for poly-grammaticalization of[ua(ˀ)]话while the semantic,syntactic and pragmatic context are essential mechanisms for initiating the grammaticalization of[ua(ˀ)]话.
Miluo city in Hu'nan provinceXiang Dialectspeech verbgrammaticalizationcomplementizersuffixtopic markerevidential modalitycontext
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