With the development of information technology,electromagnetic pollution has become increasingly severe.Therefore,the development of high-performance microwave absorbing materials with"thin,light,wide,and strong"characteristics has become a top priority.Graphene's excellent properties,such as high conductivity,high specific surface area,and low density,have attracted widespread attention from researchers.To solve the problem of impedance mismatch and single loss mechanism caused by single graphene material,other components are introduced to prepare multi-component composite materials,which improve impedance matching and create diverse loss mechanisms,making it a common design solution.This paper briefly discusses the absorption mechanism,describing four categories:Dielectric type,magnetic composite type,ordered type,and pressure-in-duced type.Through material selection(metals,ceramics,ferrites,conductive polymers,biomass materials,etc.),structural design,mechanism analysis,and combining with recent research results in the field,the research progress of graphene aerogel based microwave absorbing materials is summarized,and future research directions are also proposed.
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