摘要
染料广泛应用于纺织、皮革、塑料、造纸、化妆品等行业,已经成为当今水体污染的主要来源之一.染料废水成分复杂,具有高毒性、有机污染物含量高、重金属超标等特性,对生态环境造成极大危害,因此实现水体中水溶性有机染料的去除成为当前废水处理面临的重要挑战.木材是一种可再生、可生物降解的环境友好型天然材料,具有构造有序、层次分明的多尺度分级结构和丰富的孔隙构造,这种层级多孔结构为新型染料去除材料和装置的开发创造了天然条件.通过在木材内部管腔表面负载石墨烯、金属-有机骨架(MOF)、贵金属纳米颗粒(Ag、Au、Pd)和多氧金属酸盐等活性物质,可促进木质基复合材料对染料的物理化学吸附与催化降解,进而实现废水中染料的有效去除.本文首先对染料废水的特性及其危害进行了概述,并详细介绍了木材的特殊微观结构及其在染料废水处理中的优势;随后,综述了负载活性物质的木基多孔材料用于染料废水的吸附和催化降解两种处理方式的原理和研究现状,并对木基多孔材料处理染料废水的发展前景进行展望和总结.
Abstract
Dyes are extensively utilized in various industries,such as textiles,leather,plastics,and paper,and are currently one of the major sources of water pollution.Dye wastewater is characterized by its complex composition,high toxicity,and significant amounts of organic pollutants and heavy metals,which poses a serious threat to the ecological environment.Consequently,the removal of water-soluble organic dyes from water bodies has become a crucial challenge in wastewater treatment.Wood is a renewable,biodegradable,and environmentally friendly natural material that possesses a well-structured and hierarchically organized multiscale structure,as well as abundant pore structures.This porous hierarchical structure serves as a natural basis for the creation of new materials and devices intended for removing dyes.The physicochemical adsorption and catalytic degradation of dyes by wood-based composites can be promoted by loading active substances such as graphene,metal-organic frame(MOF),noble metal nanoparticles(Ag,Au,Pd)and polyoxometalates on the surface of the internal lumen of the wood,which can lead to the effective removal of dyes from wastewater.In this paper,the characteristics of dye wastewater and its hazards are firstly outlined,and the special microstructure of wood and its advantages in dye wastewater treatment are introduced in detail.Subsequently,the principles and research status of wood-based porous materials loaded with active substances for the two treatments of adsorption and catalytic degradation of dye wastewater are overviewed,and the future development prospects of wood-based porous materials for the treatment of dye wastewater are also prospected and summarized.
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(32371803)
大学生实践创新训练计划(2022)(202210298006Z)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据