摘要
检测重金属污染已成为风险防控、农业绿色发展、食品安全及生态保护等领域重要的技术保障.目前有许多方法来检测重金属离子,其中电化学检测法对重金属离子的检测具有灵敏度高、分析速度快、可同时对多种金属离子进行检测等优点,成为了重金属快速检测领域的研究热点.MXene是具有类石墨烯结构的过渡金属碳/氮化物材料,它具备良好的亲水性、导电性和丰富可调节的终端基团.本文综述了MXenes在电化学检测重金属离子领域的研究进展:对重金属污染物的来源、危害和检测方法进行了简述;其次,概述MXene的合成方法,并重点综述了近年来MXene电化学检测重金属的研究进展及其传感机制和检测性能分析;最后,讨论了MXene材料在电化学检测重金属领域面临的挑战和展望.
Abstract
Detecting heavy metal pollution has become an essential technical guarantee in risk prevention and control,agricultural green development,food safety,and ecological protection.At present,there are many techno-logies to detect heavy metal ions,among which electrochemical detection methods have the advantages of high sensitivity,fast analysis,and simultaneous detection of a variety of metal ions,which have become a research area in the field of rapid detection of heavy metals.MXene is a transition metal-carbon/nitride material with a graphene-like structure with good hydrophilicity,electrical conductivity,and rich adjustable surface terminations.The focus of this study is the research progress of MXenes in the electrochemical detection of heavy metal ions.The sources,hazards,and detection methods of heavy metal contaminants are briefly described.Secondly,the synthesis methods of MXene are summarized,and the research progress of MXene in the electrochemical detection of heavy metals in recent years is reviewed,including the sensing mechanism and detection performance analysis.Finally,the challenges and prospects of MXene materials in the electrochemical detection of heavy metals are discussed.
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