氢渗透钯复合膜的研究进展
Research progress of hydrogen permeation palladium composite membranes
朱晓昕 1张振强 2曹梅 1田乙然 2韩飞 1张彬1
作者信息
- 1. 昆明理工大学 理学院,昆明 650500
- 2. 云南贵金属实验室有限公司,昆明 650106
- 折叠
摘要
钯复合膜由于其特殊的透氢机制——溶解/扩散机制,对氢具有极高的选择渗透性,是膜反应器中氢气分离的理想材料.为促进高透氢性、高稳定性钯复合膜的研究与应用,本文综述了钯复合膜的化学镀制备法和化学镀与其他方式结合的复合制备法以及不同类型的复合膜.化学镀是钯复合膜最常用的制备方法,通过与真空、连续流结合可提高钯膜的质量;VB族金属、多孔陶瓷和不锈钢作为化学镀钯膜的载体,可减小钯膜厚度,提高机械强度和透氢性能;在钯膜和多孔载体之间掺入难熔氧化物、沸石、天然矿物、聚合物,可进一步减小钯膜厚度,提高热稳定性和化学稳定性;与纯钯膜相比,Pd-Ag、Pd-Cu、Pd-Au二元合金膜和Pd-Au-Ag三元合金膜在低温下不发生氢脆,可不同程度地改善钯膜的透氢性和抗硫性.最后,对未来钯复合膜的研究方向进行了展望.
Abstract
Palladium composite membranes have highly selective permeability to hydrogen due to their special dissolution/diffusion mechanism of hydrogen permeation,and are an ideal material for hydrogen separation in membrane reactors.In order to promote the research and application of palladium composite membranes with high hydrogen permeability and stability,the preparation method of the membranes via electroless plating and its combined with other methods,and different types of the membranes are reviewed in this paper.Electroless plating is the most common preparation method of palladium composite membranes,and the quality of the membranes can be improved by combining with vacuum and continuous flow.Using group VB metals,porous ceramics and stainless steel as the matrix of electroless Pd membranes,the membrane thickness can be reduced,mechanical strength and hydrogen permeability can be improved;The thickness of Pd membranes can be further reduced by adding refractory oxide,zeolite,natural mineral and polymer between Pd membrane and porous matrix,and the thermal and chemical stability can be improved.Compared with pure Pd membrane,Pd-Ag,Pd-Cu,Pd-Au binary alloy membranes and Pd-Au-Ag ternary alloy membrane have no hydrogen embrittlement phenomenon at low tem-perature,and can improve the hydrogen permeability and sulfur resistance of Pd membranes to a certain degrees.Finally,the future research direction of palladium composite membranes is prospected.
关键词
钯复合膜/透氢性/膜反应器/热稳定性/化学稳定性Key words
palladium composite membranes/hydrogen permeability/membrane reactor/thermal stability/chemical stability引用本文复制引用
基金项目
云南贵金属实验室科技计划项目(YPML-2023050215)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据