首页|密闭空间内锂电池热失控气体爆炸超压的演化特征研究

密闭空间内锂电池热失控气体爆炸超压的演化特征研究

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探明空间约束条件下锂电池热失控气体爆炸超压的演化特征,以此为基础制定安全防护策略,是降低锂电池储能系统安全风险的关键.基于热滥用试验测量锂离子电池热失控气体组分,采用测定的气体组分开展密闭圆柱容器内的气体爆炸试验,并基于OpenFOAM开展以上爆炸试验的大涡数值模拟,揭示密闭空间内锂电池热失控气体爆炸的演化特征及其形成机制.结果表明,大涡模拟预测的火焰前沿传播特征及爆炸超压演化特征与试验观测基本吻合.点火初期容器内形成自由传播的球形火焰,受边界约束影响逐渐发展为椭球状,之后发展为一对相反方向传播的平面火焰.点火30 ms后湍流对火焰传播的加速作用显著,火焰前沿面由于Darrieus-Landau不稳定性呈现褶皱状的胞格结构特征.
Study on the explosion overpressure evolution characteristics of thermal runaway gas from lithium-ion batteries in confined spaces
Exploring the evolution characteristics of explosion overpressure of thermal runaway gas from lithium-ion batteries under confined spatial condition,formulating corresponding safety prevention and control strategies,are essential to reducing the safety risks of lithium-ion battery energy storage systems.In this study,the thermal runa-way gas components of lithium-ion batteries were measured through thermal abuse experiments.Subsequently,gas explosion experiments were conducted in a closed cylindrical container using the measured gas components,and based on OpenFOAM,large eddy simulation of the explosion experiments was performed,the evolution characteris-tics of explosion overpressure and its formation mechanism of thermal runaway gas from lithium-ion batteries in con-fined spaces were revealed.The findings indicate that the front flame propagation characteristics and explosion over-pressure evolution predicted by the simulations are consistent with experimental observations.In the early stage of ignition,a free propagating spherical flame is formed in the cylinder while affected by boundary constraints,gradu-ally developing into an ellipsoidal shape,then into a pair of planar flames propagating in opposite directions.30 ms after ignition,the turbulence significantly accelerates flame propagation,and the front surface of the flame exhibits a cellular structure due to the Darrieus-Landau instability.

thermal runaway lithium-ion batterygas explosionexplosion overpressurelarge eddy simulation

吴玉欣、宋先钊、张国凯、卢浩、何勇、随亚光

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南京理工大学

陆军工程大学

西北核技术研究所

热失控锂电池 气体爆炸 爆炸超压 大涡模拟

2024

防护工程
总参谋部工程兵科研三所

防护工程

影响因子:0.2
ISSN:
年,卷(期):2024.46(5)