尾矿的力学性能是影响尾矿坝稳定性的关键因素,玄武岩纤维的长度及掺量对磷尾矿力学性能的影响显著.本试验结合多级电压加载的电渗工艺,研究了长度为6、12、18 mm的玄武岩纤维,在不同掺量下磷尾矿的力学性能表现,并探讨了纤维改良机理.结果表明,相较单一电渗改良,掺入玄武岩纤维后磷尾矿的力学性能显著提升;同一长度纤维对尾矿力学性能的改良效果随掺量增加未单调提高,存在最优掺量区间;6、12、18 mm 3种长度纤维的最优掺量分别为2.2%、1.4%、1.1%左右;纤维提升尾矿性能是通过与尾矿颗粒相互胶结以形成团聚体和网格结构,进而增大试样的摩擦强度来实现,但过量掺入会形成孔洞,反而降低其力学性能.
Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Phosphate Tailings Improved by Electroosmotic-Fiber Combination
The mechanical properties of tailings are the key factors affecting the stability of tailings dam.The length and content of basalt fiber have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of phosphate tailings.Combined with the electroosmotic process of multi-stage voltage loading,the mechanical properties of basalt fibers with lengths of 6,12 and 18 mm under different dosages of phosphorus tailings were studied,and the mechanism of fiber improvement was discussed.The results show that the mechanical properties of phosphate tailings after incorporation of basalt fiber are significantly improved compared with single electroosmotic improvement.The improvement effect of fiber with the same length on the mechanical properties of tailings does not increase monotonously with the increase of dosage,there is an optimal dosage range.The optimal contents of the three length fibers of 6 mm,12 mm and 18 mm are about 2.2%,1.4%and 1.1%,respectively.The improvement of tailings performance by fiber is achieved by cementing with tailings particles to form aggregates and grid structures,thereby increasing the friction strength of the sample.However,excessive incorporation will form holes,which will reduce its mechanical properties.
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