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未成年人保护视阈下"不良信息"的法律规制

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新修订的《未成年人保护法》和《未成年人网络保护条例》确立了网络信息内容的三元规制体系,打破了原有的以"违法性"界分的二元治理框架,明确提出了对"可能影响未成年人身心健康的信息内容"即"不良信息"的规制措施,这是重要的制度和理念创新。认定和提示是"不良信息"规制面临的两大实践难题。"不良信息"的规制应立足于对未成年人的特殊和协同保护理念,平衡未成年人保护、成年人言论自由和市场经营利益,建立多方参与、协同共治的责任义务分配机制。"不良信息"的规制应当借鉴既有立法经验,确立"类型化"的规制进路、"谦抑性"的法律政策和"穷尽性"的适用条件,精准确立"不良信息"的认定标准,严格规范"不良信息"的认定方法和程序。有关部门应当遵循"不良信息"规制的基本原理,结合我国国情有效应对"不良信息"的规制难题。
The newly revised the Protection of Minors and the Regulation of Cyber-protection of Minors have estab-lished a ternary regulatory system on cyber-information,breaking away from the previous binary framework divided by"il-legality"and clearly proposing regulatory measures against"cyber-information that may affect the physical and mental health of minors",namely"unhealthy information".This is a significant innovation both institutionally and conceptually.Identification and notification are the two major practical challenges of regulating"unhealthy information".The regulation of"unhealthy information"should be based on the concept of special and collaborative protection for minors,balancing the legal values of protection of minors,freedom of expression and interest of commerce,and establishing the mechanism of multi-party participation and collaborative governance to allocate responsibilities and obligations.To regulate"unhealthy information"should draw on the existing legislative experience,establish a regulatory approach of"typification",a legal policy of"modesty"and the applicable condition of"exhaustiveness",and accurately set the standard and build the norm-ative method and procedure for identifying"unhealthy information".The relevant departments should follow the basic theo-ry of regulating"unhealthy information"and address the regulatory difficulties effectively according to our current condi-tions.

cyber-protection of minorsfreedom of expressionunhealthy informationtypificationcollaborative protection

李润生

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北京中医药大学人文学院,北京 100029

未成年人网络保护 言论自由 不良信息 类型化 协同共治

教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金

21YJC820020

2024

法律科学-西北政法大学学报
西北政法大学

法律科学-西北政法大学学报

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:2.096
ISSN:1674-5205
年,卷(期):2024.42(2)
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