首页|数字经济下商个人的发展趋势及其制度回应

数字经济下商个人的发展趋势及其制度回应

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组织化是商主体发展的主要趋势,以公司为代表的商事组织被认为是契合现代市场的商主体。但是商个人这一古老而又传统的商主体类型从未消亡,并在数字经济下焕发出新的生命力。数字经济时代出现了"人的商个人化",即越来越多的个人选择成为商个人这一商主体类型直接参与商事活动,商个人参与现代市场的程度不断增加。"人的商个人化"以数字经济下市场资源配置交易费用的降低为经济基础,以个体价值的崛起为社会意识基础。数字经济下"人的商个人化"对现阶段的商个人制度提出了严峻挑战,相关立法应当予以回应。在基础性权利层面,数字经济下商个人的发展进一步提升了营业自由权的制度需求,应当通过立法形式确立其营业自由权,为商个人相关制度的统合构建提供法理基础。在商个人具体制度上,应当明确商事组织与商个人的区分规则,并通过选择登记制度对现阶段碎片化、局限性强的商个人体系进行整合与重构,同时构建契合商个人的退出机制。在具体进路上,可以通过制定《个体经营法》实现制度的体系化构建。
Organizationalization has long been the main trend in the development of commercial subjects,and commer-cial organizations,represented by companies,are considered commercial subjects suitable for modem markets.However,the individual merchant,an ancient and traditional type of merchant subject,has never died out and has been revitalized in the digital economy.In the era of digital economy,the"commercialization of people"has appeared,that is,more and more individuals choose to become individual merchants as a specific type of commercial subject directly involved in com-mercial activities,and the degree of participation of merchants in the modem market has been increasing."Commercializa-tion of people"is based on the reduction of market resource allocation transaction costs in the digital economy as the eco-nomic foundation,and on the rise of individual value as the foundation of social consciousness.The"commercialization of people"in the digital economy has posed severe challenges to the current business system and should be responded to.At the level of basic rights,the development of business individuals in the digital economy has further enhanced the institution-al demand for the right to freedom of business.The right to freedom of business should be established through legislation to provide a legal basis for the integrated construction of relevant systems for business individuals.Regarding the specific sys-tem of business individuals,the rules for distinguishing commercial organizations and business individuals should be clari-fied,and the current fragmented and highly limited business individual system should be integrated and reconstructed through the selection registration system,while an exit mechanism suitable for business individuals should be built.On the specific way forward,the systematic construction of the system can be achieved through the Self-Employment Law.

digital economyindividual merchantsindividualization of human merchantsinstitutional construction

张梁

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中南财经政法大学法学院,湖北武汉 430073

数字经济 商个人 人的商个人化 制度构建

国家社会科学基金重点项目中央高校基本科研业务费专项中南财经政法大学项目

19AFX0152722023BQ032

2024

法律科学-西北政法大学学报
西北政法大学

法律科学-西北政法大学学报

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:2.096
ISSN:1674-5205
年,卷(期):2024.42(2)
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