论彩礼的给付性质与返还规则
Rules on the Payment and Return of Betrothal Gifts
薛宁兰 1崔丹2
作者信息
- 1. 中国社会科学院法学研究所,北京 100005;大理大学法学院,云南大理 671003
- 2. 大连民族大学文法学院,辽宁大连 116600
- 折叠
摘要
中国现行法律对婚约及彩礼均无特别规定,彩礼给付性质便成为民法解释的任务.将彩礼给付定性为"目的性赠与"可避免和克服依"附解除条件赠与说"拟制出的当事人双方确立赠与关系的合意与其本意或真意不相符合的龃龉,还可为彩礼返还请求权的产生及彩礼范围确定找到合理的民法解释路径.因给付目的不达所致彩礼返还属于不当得利所生之财产返还,《民法典》不当得利条款和彩礼返还司法解释构成彩礼返还请求权的基础.最高人民法院"审理涉彩礼纠纷案件适用法律若干问题的规定"与"适用民法典婚姻家庭编解释(一)"相结合,共同构成逻辑完整的涉彩礼纠纷法律适用规则,为今后司法实务提供明确裁判依据.
Abstract
China's current laws have no special provisions on engagement and betrothal gifts,so the nature of betrothal gifts payment has become the task of civil law interpretation.Characterizing the payment of the betrothal gifts as a"purposeful gift"can avoid and over-come any discord between the parties and the intention to establish a gift relationship that is inconsistent with the original or true inten-tion of the parties based on the"gift theory with rescission conditions".It can also find a reasonable civil law interpretative path for the generation of the right to claim for the return of the betrothal gifts and the determination of the scope of the betrothal gifts.The return of the betrothal gifts due to the failure to achieve the purpose of payment is the return of property derived from unjust enrichment,and the unjust enrichment clause of the Civil Code and the judicial interpretation on the return of the betrothal gifts form the basis for the right to claim the return of the betrothal gifts.The"Provisions on Several Issues Relating to the Application of Law in the Trial of Cases Invol-ving Betrothal Gifts Disputes"and"Interpretation of the Application of Marriage and Family Code(Ⅰ)"adopted by the Supreme People's Court constitute together a logical and complete judicial rule on the application of laws relating to disputes over betrothal gifts.This will also provide a clear basis for judicial practice in the future.
关键词
彩礼给付/目的性赠与/彩礼返还/不当得利/参酌因素Key words
payment of betrothal gifts/purposeful gift/return of betrothal gifts/unjust enrichment/reference factors引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据