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美国小型模块化反应堆应急准备要求的监管启示

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本文介绍了新发布的美国联邦法规 10 CFR 50.160 的主要内容,该法规是美国核管理委员会针对小型模块化反应堆、非轻水堆和非电力生产或利用设施所确立的基于绩效的应急准备框架要求.在此基础上,详细分析了美国小堆应急监管与大堆的差异,并结合目前我国小堆应急监管实践,给出应急可行性分析、应急防护行动、应急计划区划定等方面的监管启示,最后提出相关建议,对小堆应急宜采用基于绩效的方法实施管理.
Reflection of U.S.regulations on emergency preparedness requirements for small modular reactors
The main content of the newly released U.S.Federal Regulations 10 CFR 50.160 was introduced,which was amended by Nuclear Regulatory Commission to create an alternative,performance-based emergency preparedness framework for small modular reactors,non-light-water reactors,and non-power production or utilization facilities.A detailed analysis was conducted on the differences of emergency supervision between small and large reactors in the U.S..Based on the current practice of emergency regulations for small reactors in China,regulatory reflection was provided in terms of emergency feasibility analysis,emergency protection actions,and the determination of emergency planning zone.Relevant suggestions were put forward.A performance-based approach should be adopted for small reactor emergency management.

small modular reactorsemergency preparednessperformance-based approachregulation

李冰、杨端节、陈晓秋、陈莹莹、陈鹏、张骋

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生态环境部核与辐射安全中心,北京 100082

小型模块化反应堆 应急准备 基于绩效的方法 监管

2025

辐射防护
中国核学会辐射防护分会

辐射防护

北大核心
影响因子:0.4
ISSN:1000-8187
年,卷(期):2025.45(1)