摘要
目的 分析老年喉癌患者喉部分切除术后进行早期吞咽康复训练的效果.方法 选取 2021 年 5 月—2023年 5月盐城市亭湖区人民医院收治的 80例接受喉部分切除术的老年喉癌患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组.对照组(n=40)采用常规康复干预,研究组(n=40)在对照组基础上进行早期吞咽康复训练.比较两组患者的并发症发生率、吞咽功能及营养状态.结果 研究组的并发症发生率为 4.88%,显著低于对照组的 19.51%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).干预前,两组的标准吞咽功能评估量表(SSA)评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,研究组的SSA评分为(12.34±3.44)分,低于对照组的(23.25±5.17)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).干预前,两组的各项营养指标水平比较,组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,研究组的白蛋白、血红蛋白、转铁蛋白、前清蛋白水平分别为(41.23±2.76)g/L、(110.25±1.79)g/L、(34.15±1.25)g/L、(0.46±0.11)g/L,均高于对照组的(38.41±1.98)g/L、(06.84±1.35)g/L、(32.74±0.84)g/L、(0.34±0.08)g/L,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 老年喉癌患者接受喉部分切除术治疗后进行早期吞咽康复训练,能减少并发症发生,改善吞咽功能,从而改善其营养状态,对患者预后有利,临床可进一步推广运用.
Abstract
Objective To analyze the effect of early swallowing rehabilitation training in elderly patients with laryngeal cancer undergoing partial laryngectomy.Methods 80 elderly patients with laryngeal cancer undergoing partial laryngectomy admitted to Tinghu District People's Hospital of Yancheng City from May 2021 to May 2023 were selected as the research objects,and were divided into a control group and a study group according to random number table method.The control group(n=40)received routine rehabilitation intervention,and the study group(n=40)received early swallowing rehabilitation training on the basis of the control group.The incidence of complications,swallowing function and nutritional status of the two groups were compared.Results The complication rate of the study group was 4.88%,which was significantly lower than 19.51%of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before intervention,there was no significant difference in standardized swallowing assessment(SSA)scores between the two groups(P>0.05);after intervention,the SSA score of the study group was(12.34±3.44)points,which was lower than(23.25±5.17)points of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before intervention,there was no significant difference in the levels of various nutritional indexes between the two groups(P>0.05);after intervention,the levels of albumin,hemoglobin,transferrin and prealbumin in the study group were(41.23±2.76)g/L,(110.25±1.79)g/L,(34.15±1.25)g/L and(0.46±0.11)g/L,respectively,which were higher than(38.41±1.98)g/L,(06.84±1.35)g/L,(32.74±0.84)g/L,(0.34±0.08)g/L in the control group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Early swallowing rehabilitation training for elderly patients with laryngeal cancer undergoing partial laryngectomy can reduce complications,improve swallowing function,and thus improve their nutritional status,which is beneficial to the prognosis of patients,and can be further promoted in clinical practice.
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