Nowadays,antibiotic resistance has emerged as a serious global challenge,limiting the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics.Antimicrobial proteins are a diverse class of natural antimicrobial molecules found widely in animals,plants,and microorganisms.They exert bactericidal effects by disrupting bacterial integrity through interactions.In addition to traditional antibiotics,antimicrobial proteins offer advantages such as enhancing host immune responses and reducing the risk of bacterial resistance.Amoebapore A(APA)is an ancient natural antimicrobial protein secreted by Entamoeba histolytica.It exhibits broad-spectrum bactericidal activity by increasing bacterial cell membrane permeability and disrupting cell structure.This review explores the mechanism of action of APA,aiming to provide a theoretical foundation for the development of novel antibiotics based on natural antimicrobial proteins to address antibiotic resistance more effectively.
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