Objective To explore the clinical significance of determining blood lipid.serum oTnI and Hey levels in critically ill patients in the diagnosis. Methods The blood lipid [ (TG,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C and LP(a) ] (with biochemistty method) ,serum cTnl and Hey (with chemiluminescent immunoasaay and electrochemiuiminescence immunoassay) levels were determined in 189 cases critically ill patients( including 63 cases acute myocardial infarction,65cases cerebral infarction and 61 cases pyemia) and making of comparative analysis with controls. Results In the blood lipid analysis,the serum TC,TG and LDL-C levels in 189 cases critically ill patients were significantly lower than those in controls (P were <0.05,P<0.05 and <0.05, respectively) .In them, P of 63 cases a-cute myocardial infarction were <0.05, < 0.01 and <0.05 respectively, Pof 65 cases cerebral infarction were <0.05, <0.01 and <0.05 respectively, P of 61 cases pyemia were <0.05, <0.01 and >0.05 respectively. The serum LP(a) level in 189 cases critically ill patients was significantly higher than the controls (P<0.05) , P of acute myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction and pyemia were >0.05, <0.01 and <0.05 respectively. But the serum HDL-C level was no significant difference(P all >0.05). In the myocardial markers analysis, the serum cTnl level in 189 cases critically ill patients showed prominently higher than that of controls (P<0.01), P of 63 cases acute myocardial infarction,65cases cerebral infarction and 61 cases pyemia were <0.001, <0.001 and <0.01 individually. The serum Hey level in 189 cases critically ill patients was obviously higher than the controls (P<0.01) also, P <0.001, <0.001 and <0.01 respectively. Conclusion The blood lipid (TC.TG and LDL-C etc. ) levels in critically ill patients (including acute myocaEdial infarction cerebral infarction and pyemia) were sigrnificanfly decreased or metabolic disorder but the SER um cTnI and Hey levels were notably increased, these may served as important markers for diagnosis critically ill patients.