Objective To explore the clinical significance of changes on serum IGF-H, IL-8 and VEGF levels after chemotherapy in patients with acute leukemia. Methods Serum IGF-Ⅱ, IL-8(with RIA) and VEGF(with ELISA) levels detemined in 31 patients with a-cute leukemia both before and after chemotherapy as well as in 35 normal healthy controls. Results Before chemotherapy, serum IGF-Ⅱ, IL-8 and VEGF levels in the patients proved significantly higher than those in controls (P<0.01). 6 months after chemotherapy the levels in 28 patients without recurrence dropped markedly and approached those in controls. However, in the 3 cases with recurrence, the levels after return again approaching those before chemotherapy (P<0.01). Conclusion The changeful serum levels of IGF-Ⅱ, IL-8 and VEGF might be useful as indicative parameters for diagnosis and curative effect in patients with acute leukemia.