Objective:To investigate the changes of cortical microstructure in amnestic mild cog-nitive impairment(aMCI)patients by using diffusion kurtosis imaging(DKI).Methods:Forty seven aMCI patients and 46 normal controls were prospectively enrolled for structural imaging and function-al imaging with diffusion sequence.We investigated the differences of DKI parameters in cortex be-tween groups using surface-based analyses in Freesurfer software,including mean diffusivity(MD),radial diffusivity(RD),axial diffusivity(Ad),fractional anisotropy(FA),kurtosis fractional anisotro-py(KFA),mean kurtosis(MK),radial kurtosis(RK)and axial kurtosis(AK).The correlation be-tween DKI parameters and the mini mental state examination(MMSE)scores was assessed using Spearman coefficients.The diagnostic performance of different parameters on aMCI was evaluated u-sing a receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results:Compared with the NC group,the MD,RD and Ad values of multiple regions increased in aMCI group(P＜0.05),the FA、KFA、RK and MK values of multiple regions decreased in aMCI group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in AK values between NC group and aMCI group(P＞0.05).The MD value of left insula(r=-0.510,P＜0.001),the Ad value of left insula(r=-0.494,P＜0.001)and the RD value of left inferior tem-poral(r=-0.539,P＜0.001)was negatively correlated with MMSE scores,respectively.The KFA value of left middle frontal(r=0.480,P＜0.001)was positively correlated with MMSE scores.In addi-tion,the KFA value of right precentral performed best for diagnosing aMCI(AUC=0.794).Conclu-sion:The integrity of cortical microstructures was damaged in aMCI patients.The changes of DKI pa-rameters using surface-based analyses reflected the damaged characteristics of cortical microstructures in aMCI patients.The KFA values have the best diagnostic efficiency for distinguishing the aMCI from the NC,suggesting that it is promising as novel neuroimaging biomarkers.
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