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立法具体化是宪法实施的方式吗

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立法对宪法的具体化首先是基于宪法中的立法委托而产生,也就是说,在缺乏立法委托的地方,宪法本身是可以被直接实施的.其次,不能把立法具体化理解为立法对宪法进行解释,否则可能混淆了具体化与解释的区别,同时也消解了立法与宪法之间的位阶关系.不同于解释,具体化本身带有创造性的内容.相比法适用过程中,一般的法规范之所以在具体的个案中得以落实,就在于加入了个案事实的考量,而法制定过程中,下位法之所以能够对上位法进行具体化,也在于加入了立法事实的考量.因此,立法具体化应当着眼于宪法规定在不同立法事实中如何被贯彻,而不是用立法去规定本来应当由宪法规定的内容.立法机关在对宪法进行具体化时应当全面准确地考察立法事实,如此才能尽到宪法中的立法委托的义务,也才能使立法具体化成为宪法实施的方式.
Is Legislative Concretization A Way of Implementing the Constitution?
Legislative concretization is a way of implementing the constitution.The question is,how does legislation concretize the constitution?Legislative concretization cannot be understood as the interpretation of the Constitution by legislation,otherwise it may confuse the difference between concretization and interpretation,and also dissolve the hierarchical relationship between legis-lation and the Constitution.The core of legislative concretization is to indirectly implement the Constitution through legislation based on the legislative mandate in the Constitution.Therefore,legislative concretization should focus on how constitutional provi-sions are implemented in different legislative facts,rather than using legislation to specify the content that should have been stipu-lated by the constitution,let alone considering that the constitution cannot be implemented without the concretization of legisla-tion.In addition to the indirect implementation of the Constitution through legislative concretization,there is also the direct imple-mentation of the Constitution,including the inclusion,weighing,and even continuation of constitutional provisions by organs ap-plying the Constitution.The abstraction and principled nature of constitutional provisions do not constitute obstacles to their direct implementation,and a sound institutional system should be promoted to ensure the comprehensive implementation of the Constitu-tion.

legislative concretizationlegislative delegationconstitutional implementationlegislative factsdirect implementa-tion of the constitution

王锴

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北京航空航天大学法学院,北京 100191

立法具体化 立法委托 宪法实施 立法事实 宪法直接实施

国家重点研发计划国家重点研发计划

2021YFC33403002021YFC3340304

2024

法学论坛
山东省法学会

法学论坛

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.873
ISSN:1009-8003
年,卷(期):2024.39(1)
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