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数据安全风险的社会自我规制及其合宪性控制

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数据安全风险的社会自我规制关涉风险规制责任的分配、国家的干预限度、社会主体的基本权利及责任边界等一系列宪法问题,有必要进行合宪性控制.现行法律中数据安全风险的社会自我规制方式主要包括组织性规制、行为性规制、协助性规制和伦理性规制.四类规制方式均具有合宪性.组织性规制和行为性规制构成对企业营业自由的限制,但限制是合宪的;协助性规制的主要宪法依据是民主权利(力)和"国家实行社会主义市场经济"的目标;伦理性规制的主要宪法依据是宪法的伦理性要求和补充实现国家安全保障任务的需要.为了保障数据的流通和利用,促进数字经济的发展,应当对数据安全风险的社会自我规制进行合宪性控制,做到合理分配规制责任、避免对社会自我规制的滥用,善用后设规制、控制协助性规制对其他主体基本权利的侵害以及以宪法凝聚伦理共识、防止伦理性规制泛化.
The Social Subject Self-regulation of The Data Security Risk And Its Constitutionality Control
The social subject self-regulation of the data security risks involves a series of constitutional issues such as the alloca-tion of risk regulation responsibilities,the boundaries of state intervention,the fundamental rights and responsibility boundaries of social subjects,so it is necessary to conduct constitutionality control.The social subject self-regulation of the data security risks in current laws mainly include organizational regulation,behavioral regulation,collaborative regulation,and ethical regulation.The four types of social subject self-regulation are constitutionality.Organizational regulation and behavioral regulation restrict the business freedom of enterprises,but the restrictions are constitutionality;The main constitutional basis of collaborative regulation is democratic rights(or democratic power)and the constitutional provision of"the state shall practice a socialist market econo-my";The main constitutional basis of ethical regulation is the ethical requirements of the Constitution and the need to achieve na-tional security tasks.In order to ensure the circulation and utilization of the data and promote the development of the digital econo-my,the social subject self-regulation of data security risk should be constitutionality controlled.First,the regulatory responsibili-ties should be reasonably allocated to avoid the abuse of social subject self-regulation;Second,make good use of the post-regu-lation to control the violation of the fundamental rights by the collaborative regulation;Thirdly,to build ethical consensus through Constitution and prevent the generalization of ethical regulation.

the data security risksocial subject self-regulationconstitutionality argumentationconstitutionality control

门中敬、李瑾

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山东大学法学院(威海),山东威海 264209

数据安全风险 社会自我规制 合宪性论证 合宪性控制

教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目

21JZD009

2024

法学论坛
山东省法学会

法学论坛

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.873
ISSN:1009-8003
年,卷(期):2024.39(2)
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