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中央和地方关系视角下地方立法权扩容的治理效能

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2015年《立法法》修改后,扩充地方立法权主体范围,鼓励地方发挥主动性、积极性,运用地方立法进行治理,加强了地方的民主治理、适应性治理、竞争性治理、创新性治理机制,提升了地方治理能力,有利于发挥我国中央和地方关系的制度优势.然而,实践中的地方立法受中央集权主义、法律工具主义和法治建设的形式主义影响,在立法过程中出现政治程序空转、立法资源浪费、公众参与不足、过分关注形式等问题,在治理进程中出现立法缺少特色与创新、配合运动式治理等问题.地方立法的治理效能未充分体现,中央和地方关系的制度优势也未充分发挥.健全完善中央和地方关系,关键在于加强地方政权建设,通过不断充实地方立法的自主基础,积极鼓励地方的法治改革和创新试验,逐步提升地方立法质量,增进其治理效能.
Governance Effectiveness of the Expansion of Local Legislative Power from the Perspective of Central-Local Relationship
The revision of the Legislative Law in 2015 for the expansion of local legislative power subjects is a significant change in the national power structure,constituting a political system reform on the central-local relationship.This reform is based on the fact that the Constitution of China encourages local initiative and enthusiasm,liberating local legislation's autonomy,difference,and innovation functions,which is conducive to improving the local governance capacity of districted cities.However,under the influence of centralism,legal instrumentalism,and formalism in the construction of rule of law,local legislation in practice has experienced a functional contraction,which is manifested in the idling of political procedures,the waste of legislative resources,the insufficient public participation,the excessive attention to forms,as well as the lack of characteristics and innovation of legis-lation in the process of governance,as well as the coordination of mobilized governance.The governance effectiveness of local leg-islation has not been fully reflected,and the reform objectives have not been fully realized.The key to improving and perfecting the central-local relationship is to strengthen the construction of local political power,and gradually enhance the governance ef-fectiveness of local legislation by constantly enriching the independent foundation of local legislation and actively encouraging local rule of law reform and innovation experiments.

local legislationlegislative lawcentral-local relationshipnational governance

李少文

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中共中央党校(国家行政学院)政法教研部,北京 100091

地方立法 立法法 中央和地方关系 国家治理

2024

法学论坛
山东省法学会

法学论坛

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.873
ISSN:1009-8003
年,卷(期):2024.39(2)
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