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合规不起诉的公共利益衡量理论

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泛刑化趋势下的司法出罪需求与涉案企业合规改革的合规出罪机制相适配.合规不起诉的出罪依据是将公共利益衡量理论引入公诉裁量,在追诉犯罪的"水漾效应"导致起诉损害的公共利益超过犯罪侵害的公共利益时,维护社会公共利益的公诉目的无法实现,公诉行为应被放弃.合规不起诉中公共利益衡量的基本原则包括公诉附随后果的有效避免、通过公诉裁量实现利益权衡、通过有效犯罪控制维护公共利益.在公共利益衡量理论指导下,合规不起诉的适用条件得以明确,即要求涉案企业完成法益修复,并且作出成比例的经济社会贡献;合规不起诉的适用对象难题也能得到解决,对于各类涉大中小微企业案件、轻罪案件和重罪案件、企业犯罪和企业家犯罪案件,公共利益衡量理论均能够实现贯穿适用,成为合规出罪的核心依据.
The Public Interest Measurement Theory of Compliance Non Prosecution
The demand for judicial offenses under the trend of pan punishment is in line with the scale and compliance mechanism of the compliance reform of the involved enterprises.The basis for not prosecuting in compliance is to introduce the theory of pub-lic interest measurement into the discretion of public prosecution.When the"ripple effect"of prosecuting a crime leads to the public interest being harmed by the prosecution exceeding the public interest being infringed upon by the crime,the purpose of maintaining social public interest cannot be achieved,and the prosecution behavior should be abandoned.The basic principles for measuring public interests in compliance non prosecution include effective avoidance of the consequences of prosecution,balan-cing interests through prosecution discretion,and maintaining public interests through effective crime control.Under the guidance of the theory of public interest measurement,the applicable conditions for compliance non prosecution can be clarified,which re-quires the involved enterprises to complete legal interest restoration and make proportional economic and social contributions;The problem of applying non prosecution in compliance can also be solved.For various types of enterprises involved in cases involving large,medium,small,and micro enterprises,as well as cases of minor and serious crimes,corporate crimes,and entrepreneur-ial crimes,the theory of public interest measurement can be applied consistently,becoming the core basis for compliant crime.

compliance reform of the involved enterprisescompliance non prosecutionpublic interest measurementpublic prosecution discretionsocial governance

毛逸潇

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中国政法大学刑事司法学院,北京 100088

涉案企业合规改革 合规不起诉 公共利益衡量 公诉裁量 社会治理

国家社科基金重大招标课题

21&ZD209

2024

法学论坛
山东省法学会

法学论坛

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.873
ISSN:1009-8003
年,卷(期):2024.39(4)