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智能投顾规制:传统框架如何与智能金融业态契合

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典型的智能投顾是一种全流程的自动化投资服务,这需要相关法律和监管规则对全权委托账户管理服务模式的支持.然而,我国现行的两种规制框架,包括"证券投资顾问"模式和"资管意见"模式,以及现有的两种突围尝试,包括"投资顾问账户管理业务"模式和"基金投资顾问"模式,在适用于全权委托型智能投顾业务时,均不同程度存在一些问题.应当在法律层面允许投资顾问开展全权委托账户管理业务,从而使全权委托型智能投顾能够采用此种规范方案,也有利于通过具体的规则落实智能投顾经营者的信义义务.将智能投顾与客户之间的关系界定为信义关系具有必要性和可能性,且可以落实到具体的主体上.在投资顾问的规制路径下,为落实智能投顾的信义义务,应建立相应的规则框架.注意义务下的具体要求包括适当建议、合理建议、最佳执行和全程监督,忠实义务下的具体要求包括重要事实披露、自营交易规则和交叉交易规则等.
Regulation of Robo-adviser:How Does Traditional Framework Fit with Intelligent Financial Service
A typical robo-adviser is a full-process automated investment service,and this requires relevant laws and regulatory rules to support the discretionary account management service model.However,there are some problems in the existing two regu-lation frameworks,including"securities investment adviser"mode and"investment management rules"mode,and two kinds of break through attempts,including"investment adviser business of account management"mode and"fund investment adviser"mode,when applying to the discretionary robo-adviser business.Investment advisers should be allowed to carry out discretionary account management business at the legal level,so as to enable the discretionary robo-advisers to adopt this scheme,and also fa-cilitate the implementation of fiduciary obligations of robo-adviser operators through specific rules.It is necessary and possible to define the relationship between the robo-adviser and the customer as fiduciary relationship,and it can be implemented to the spe-cific subject.In order to implement fiduciary duty of robo-adviser,the corresponding rule framework should be established under the regulation path of investment adviser.The specific requirements under the duty of care include appropriate suggestions,rea-sonable suggestions,best execution and whole-process supervision,while the specific requirements under the duty of loyalty in-clude disclosure of material facts,principal trading rules and cross trading rules.

robo-adviserdiscretionary account managementfiduciary relationshipduty of careduty of loyalty

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中国人民大学民商事法律科学研究中心,北京 100872

智能投顾 全权委托账户管理 信义关系 注意义务 忠实义务

2024

法学论坛
山东省法学会

法学论坛

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.873
ISSN:1009-8003
年,卷(期):2024.39(6)