摘要
抗生素过度使用造成的残留对环境以及人类的健康造成了严重威胁.其含量低、种类多、残留基质复杂,通常需要结合适当的样品前处理技术.分子印迹聚合物(MIPs)具有制备简单、选择性高、成本较低等特点,可以通过特有识别位点对样品中的目标物进行识别和富集分离,是性能良好的吸附剂.以MIPs为吸附剂的分子印迹固相萃取(MISPE)已广泛应用于抗生素样品前处理.基于此,本文综述了2017年至今抗生素MISPE在样品前处理并结合色谱分析的最新进展.介绍了新型抗生素MIPs制备技术和策略,包括纳米印迹、表面印迹、活性可控自由基聚合、虚拟模板印迹、多功能单体印迹和多模板印迹;简述了基于分子印迹的固相萃取技术中装柱固相萃取(PSPE)、分散固相萃取(DSPE)及磁固相萃取(MSPE)3种模式;重点介绍了MISPE结合色谱分析在环境和食品中抗生素残留分析中的应用进展;最后,指出了抗生素MIPs制备和前处理应用面临的挑战,旨在为MIPs结合固相萃取在抗生素类药物的富集纯化和含量检测方面的应用提供参考.
Abstract
The residues caused by excessive use of antibiotics pose a serious threat to the environment and human health.Its low contents,multiple types,and complexity of residual matrix usually require the combination of appropriate sample pretreatment techniques.Molecularly imprinted polymers(MIPs)have the characteristics of simple preparation,high selectivity,and low cost.They can recognize and enrich the targets in the samples through unique recognition sites,making them excellent adsorbents.Molecular imprinted solid-phase extraction(MISPE)technology using MIPs as adsorbents has been widely used in the pre-treatment of antibiotic samples.This article reviews the latest progress in samples pretreatment and chromatography analysis of antibiotics using MISPE from 2017.The preparation techniques and strategies of novel antibiotic MIPs,including nanoimprinting,surface imprinting,active controllable radical polymerization,dummy template imprinting,multi-functional monomer imprinting,and multi template imprinting were briefly introduced,and three modes of solid-phase extraction based on molecular imprinting,namely column packed solid-phase extraction(PSPE),dispersed solid-phase extraction(DSPE),and magnetic solid-phase extraction(MSPE),were briefly described.Subsequently,the applications of MISPE combined with chromatography in the analysis of antibiotic residues in the environment and food were reviewed.Finally,the challenges faced in the preparation and pre-treatment of antibiotic MIPs were prospected.This article aims to provide reference for the enrichment,purification,and detection of antibiotic drugs using MIPs combined with solid-phase extraction.
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