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论罪量的归属

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在我国的犯罪论体系中,罪量应为构成要件要素.作为相应构成要件要素的主观反映,故意的认识内容也应当涵盖罪量赖以存在的基础事实.虽然都能带来法定刑的提升,但要注意加重犯与加重的行为类型之间的差异.与不存在未遂形态的加重犯不同,对于同一犯罪中的加重的行为类型,在量刑层面存在着就加重行为类型的未遂适用未遂犯规定的可能性.在此前提下,对责任刑的确定,可以从实行行为对法益造成的客观危险、行为人的主观认识内容两个方面进行处理.对于在同一犯罪客观构成要件范围内发生的意图实施轻行为类型却造成重行为类型结果的情况,可以在承认构成要件层面犯罪既遂的同时,在责任层面进一步判断是否存在轻行为类型的故意与重行为类型的过失的想象竞合等情形,通过法定刑升格、未遂犯规定的适用等实现量刑上的均衡.
In the crime theory of China,quantitative elements of crime should be treated as constituent elements.As a subjective reflection of essential factors of corresponding constituent elements,intent should include the underlying facts on which quantitative elements of a crime are based.Attention needs to be paid to the differences between"aggravated offense"and"aggravated types of conduct",even though both can result in increased statutory penalties.Unlike an aggravated offense,which does not take the form of attempt,at the level of sentencing,there is a possibility of applying the provision on at-tempt to the type of aggravated act in the same offense.In this context,the determination of penalty can be approached at two levels,that is,the objective danger to legal interests caused by the act,and the subjective content of the perpetrator's cognition.In the case of an attempt to commit lighter wrongful conduct that results in an aggravated one,which occurs within the constituent elements of the same of-fense,the accomplishment may be recognized at the level of the constituent elements of the offense,while further determining the question of whether there is an imaginary competition between the intent of lighter wrongful conduct and the negligence of aggravated conduct at the level of responsibility,and ob-taining the sentencing balance through the upgrade of statutory sentence and the application of the provi-sion on attempt.

quantitative elements of crimeobjective imputationsubjective imputationaggravated type of conductaggravated offense

郑超

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华东师范大学法学院

罪量 客观归属 主观归属 加重的行为类型 加重犯

2024

法学研究
中国社会科学院法学研究所

法学研究

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:4.419
ISSN:1002-896X
年,卷(期):2024.46(2)
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