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人体表微生物组应用于法医学个体识别的研究进展

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皮肤和毛发是人体与外界环境接触的最外层界面,分布着许多微生物,这些体表微生物具有个体特异性和时空稳定性,可通过接触转移至其他物体表面,易在犯罪现场被发现,有助于构建嫌疑人与犯罪现场的关联.当样本降解或DNA含量较少而无法获得足够的人源性DNA证据时,高拷贝的体表微生物组分析在不影响原有的DNA提取和分型情况下,可作为人源性DNA分型的辅助手段,为缩小嫌疑人范围提供信息.本文综述了体表微生物组的法医学特征和分析方法以及体表微生物组应用于法医学个体识别的研究进展,并提出了体表微生物组应用于法医学实践的挑战.
Research Progress on the Application of Human Body Surface Microbiome to Fo-rensic Individual Identification
Skin and hair are the outermost interfaces between the human body and the external envi-ronment with many microorganisms distributed.These body surface microorganisms have individual speci-ficity and spatial temporal stability and can be transferred to the surface of other objects through con-tact,and can be easily found at the crime scene,which helps to construct the connection between the suspect and the crime scene.When the sample is degraded or the DNA quantity is too low to obtain sufficient human DNA evidence,the highly amplified copies of body surface microbiome analysis can be used as an adjunct to human DNA typing without affecting DNA extraction and typing,and provide useful information for narrowing the range of suspects.This paper reviews the forensic characteristics and analytical methods of body surface microbiome,the research progress on the application of body surface microbiome to forensic individual identification,and puts forward the challenges of applying body surface microbiome to forensic practice.

forensic geneticsmicrobiologymicrobiomeindividual identificationskinhairsreview

靳铭辉、李亚、易少华

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华中科技大学同济医学院法医学系,湖北 武汉 430030

法医遗传学 微生物学 微生物组 个体识别 皮肤 毛发 综述

2024

法医学杂志
司法部司法鉴定科学技术研究所

法医学杂志

CSTPCDCHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.32
ISSN:1004-5619
年,卷(期):2024.40(4)