Short-term Effects on the Soil Nutrients Content and the Yield of Corn under Straw Incorporation in the Cold and Black Soil Area
The impact of corn straw incorporation in strips on the soil nutrients content and corn yield in the current year were studied to provide a theoretical basis for the straw incorporation strategy in the black soil area of Heilongjiang province.The experiment was carried out in the high-latitude cold area of Heilongjiang province.Four treatments of straw incorporation,namely straw leaving the field(CK),whole straw in strips returning to the field(T1),crushed straw in strips returning to the field(T2),and crushed straw combined with organic fertilizer in strips returning to the field(T3)were carried out in spring of 2022.The results showed that straw incorporation with different modes all had different effects on soil nutrient indicators and corn yield indicators in the short term.Compared to CK,T3 increased SOM and TN content by 7.62%and 9.75%,respectively,though it decreased EC by 9.21%.In addition,compared to CK,the length of ears was increased by more than 8%in T3,the number of grains in rows was increased by 6.98%,and the weight of single corn was increased by 23.61%,and the yield was increased by 24.05%.Based on principal component and canonical correlation analysis,it was found that the impact of different modes of straw incorporation in strips on SOM and TN was higher than the other soil nutrient indicators.The weight of single corn weight,ear length,and 100-kernel weight had a greater impact on corn yield components.SOM and TN were positively correlated with corn weight,ear length,and 100-kernel weight,while soil EC was negatively correlated with corn weight,ear length,and 100-kernel weight.
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