Phenotypic Genetic Diversity Analysis of 378 Oil-tea Camellia Germplasm Resources
To clarify the genetic diversity of the phenotypic traits of oil-tea camellia germplasm resources,this study explores the variation patterns of phenotypic traits in oil-tea camellia fruits.Genetic diversity,correlation,principal component,and cluster analyses,as well as a comprehensive evaluation using a subordinate function,were performed on 15 fruit traits of 378 oil-tea camellia germplasms.These germplasms exhibit considerable ge-netic diversity.The genetic diversity indices for the 15 fruit traits range from 1.758 to 1.920,with seed diameter showing the highest diversity index at 1.920.Significant variation exists among the traits,with variation coeffi-cients ranging from 17.082％to 58.592％,the highest was fresh seed weight(58.592％).In the correlation analysis,66 pairs of traits show correlation,with 63 pairs showing a highly significant positive correlation and one pair showing a significant positive correlation.Among them,fruit diameter and fruit weight showed a highly significant positive correlation,with the highest correlation coefficient of0.944.Fresh seed weight also shows a highly signifi-cant positive correlation with fruit weight,fruit diameter,and seed height.In the principal component analysis,the first three principal components with eigenvalues greater than one account for 86.123％of the cumulative variance,indicating that they cover most of the index information.Specifically,the first principal component has an eigen value of 7.798,contributing 51.989％to the variance.Cluster analysis divides the 378 oil-tea camellia samples into three groups.Based on the subordinate function analysis method,a comprehensive score is calculated for the 378 samples.According to the comprehensive scores,12 oil-tea camellia samples with outstanding and stable agronomic traits are successfully identified,with H387 having the highest comprehensive evaluation score.These findings provide an important reference for the evaluation of germplasm resources and breeding of oil-tea camellia.
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