Research Progress on Salt-alkali Tolerance Mechanism of Apple Plants
Apple is one of the most important fruit crops in the world,and its production is vulnerable to adverse environmental influences,especially the salt-alkalization of soil,which seriously restricts the development of apple industry.Understanding the response and defense mechanism of apple plant to saline-alkali stress will lay a theo-retical foundation for the research of apple saline-alkali cultivation techniques and the breeding of saline-alkali-re-sistant varieties.This article expounds the salinity-alkalinity stress effects on apple plant growth from three aspects including apple plant growth,photosynthesis and leaf microstructure;the apple plant physiological response to mechanism of salinity-alkalinity stress is expounded from four aspects including ion regulation mechanism,mech-anism of osmotic regulation,protective enzyme system and organic acid synthesis.This paper summarizes the functional genes,related transcription factors and MicroRNAs of apple plants in response to salinity-alkalinity stress,and introduces the application of molecular markers in apple salinity-alkalinity resistant research,and the study finds that the functional genes of apple response to salinity-alkalinity stress mainly include osmotic regulato-ry substance synthesis genes,coding anti-reversal protein-related genes,ion transport and reconstruction;the tran-scription factors in response to apple salinity-alkalinity stress include WRKY,MYB,NAC,AP2/ERF,bHLH and SPL.The existing problems and future research emphasis was pointed out in this paper,so as to provide a refer-ence for further research on saline-alkali tolerance of apple plants.
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维普
