Viviparous reproduction is one of the key characteristics of water lilies(Nymphaea),whose viviparous development is influenced by light.In this study,we took the tropical viviparous water lily variety'Madame Ganna Walska'as the material,and conducted shading treatment on it.The paraffin section technique was used to observe the morphological development process of its umbilicus,and transcription sequencing technology wasemployed to analyze the development mechanism and regulatory genes of shading treatment on viviparous phenomenon.The results showed that under the shading stress,the morphology of the umbilical cord of the water lilies'Madame Ganna Walska'went slow,the changes in cell structure were slower,and the development of vascular tissue was basically stagnant.Combined with transcriptome analysis,it was found that compared with normal light,the metabolic pathway,plant hormone signal transduction pathway and photosynthesis of differential genes under shading treatment were significantly enriched,which was related to cell differentiation and regulation of growth substances during the growth and development of the umbilicus of water lily'Madame Ganna Walska'.The upregulated differentially expressed genes enriched in the metabolic pathway under shading treatment were alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH),which had an important impact on the response of water lily leaf umbilicus to adversity.In the plant hormone signaling pathway,brassinolide signaling kinase(BSK)and indoleacetic acid(IAA)were significantly differentially expressed,among which BSK was involved in brassinolide(BR)signaling to control the growth and development of plants,and IAA was involved in the differentiation and division of plant cells,and the two relied on the interaction of plant hormones to maintain the balance of the body so that water lilies could better adapt to shading stress.These results provide a new theoretical basis for understanding the gene regulation and growth mechanism of viviparous water lily umbilical under shade stress.
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