Genetic Diversity Analysis of Phenotypic Traits of Cultivated Bletilla striata Germplasm Resources in Guizhou
To analyze the characteristics of genetic diversity of cultivated Bletilla striata phenotypic traits in Guizhou,and to provide reference for the selection and breeding of B.striata germplasm.In this study,20 pheno-typic traits of 150 germplasms were observed.Sampling descriptive statistics,principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to analyze the data.The results showed that the genetic diversity index of cultivated B.striata phenotypic in Guizhou ranged from 3.110 9 to 3.389 4,the genetic diversity index of 8 traits including plant height,stem diameter,leaf length,leaf width,tuber length,tuber width,tuber thickness,and polysaccharide content was higher.The coefficient of variation ranged from 15.99％to 87.88％,and the coefficient of variation of 12 in-dexes such as stem number,leaf number,flower number,and tuber number was greater than 55％.The results of principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first four principal components reached 84.08％.The number of leaves,number of flowers,number of stems,diameter of stems and number of tu-bers were the main factors for the difference of cultivated B.striata germplasm in Guizhou.The comprehensive score of principal components ranked first was No.3(Anlong County),followed by No.9(Hezhang County)pro-ducing area.Cluster analysis showed that when the genetic distance at 15,it could be divided into three groups,a-mong which Group Ⅰ had a large phenotypic difference and low yield and polysaccharide content,Group Ⅱ had a moderate phenotypic difference and average yield and quality,and Group Ⅲ had better phenotype and higher yield and polysaccharide.This study identified the rich genetic diversity of cultivated B.striata phenotypic traits in Guizhou,among which the main factors of the germplasm difference were leaf number,flower number,stem num-ber and stem diameter.The germplasm resources of Group Ⅲ,No.3(Anlong County)and No.9(Hezhang Coun-ty)with excellent comprehensive phenotypes were screened to provide the basis for the breeding and germplasm screening of Bleucorrhiae in Guizhou.
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