In the context of rapid global biodiversity decline,effective habitat protection is especially critical.This study focuses on two core factors:tourist traffic and the number of endangered species,exploring in detail how they impact plant diversity and the effectiveness of habitat conservation.Through case analyses of multiple nation-al parks and nature reserves,the study reveals how changes in tourist traffic and endangered species numbers di-rectly determine the success or failure of maintaining plant diversity and habitat conservation.Empirical data show that high tourist traffic often increases pressure on habitats,while effective species conservation measures signifi-cantly enhance the maintenance of biodiversity.These findings underscore the necessity of formulating more tar-geted conservation strategies,providing important scientific evidence and strategic guidance for the management of global protected areas,aimed at promoting the long-term preservation of biodiversity and achieving ecological bal-ance.This research not only enhances our understanding of the dynamics of biodiversity conservation but also highlights key factors that must be considered in future ecological policy formulation.