首页|Breakthrough of Carbon-Ash Recalcitrance in Hydrochar via Molten Carbonate:Engineering Mineral-Rich Biowaste Toward Sustainable Platform Carbon Materials
Breakthrough of Carbon-Ash Recalcitrance in Hydrochar via Molten Carbonate:Engineering Mineral-Rich Biowaste Toward Sustainable Platform Carbon Materials
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The function-led design of porous hydrochar from mineral-rich biowaste for environmental applications inevitably suffers from carbon-ash recalcitrance.However,a method to alter the original carbon skeleton with ash remains elusive and hinders the availability of hydrochar.Herein,we propose a facile strategy for breaking the rigid structure of carbon-ash coupled hydrochar using phase-tunable molten carbonates.A case system was designed in which livestock manure and NaHCO3 were used to prepare the activated hydrochar,and NH3 served as the target contaminant.Due to the redox effect,we found that organic frac-tions significantly advanced the melting temperature of Na2CO3 below 800 ℃.The Na species steadily broke the carbon-ash interaction as the thermal intensity increased and transformed inorganic con-stituents to facilitate ash dissolution,rebuilding the hydrochar skeleton with abundant hierarchical chan-nels and active defect edges.The surface polarity and mesopore distribution collectively governed the five cycles NH3 adsorption attenuation process.Manure hydrochar delivered favorable potential for appli-cation with a maximum overall adsorption capacity of 100.49 mg g-1.Integrated spectroscopic character-ization and theoretical computations revealed that incorporating NH3 on the carbon surface could transfer electrons to chemisorbed oxygen,which promoted the oxidation of pyridine-N during adsorp-tion.This work offers deep insight into the structure function correlation of hydrochar and inspires a more rational design of engineered hydrochar from high-ash biowaste.
Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy(E2E),Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment,Ministry of Agriculture,College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China
Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering,University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,Urbana,IL 61801,USA
National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University
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