首页|Preventing the Immense Increase in the Life-Cycle Energy and Carbon Footprints of LLM-Powered Intelligent Chatbots

Preventing the Immense Increase in the Life-Cycle Energy and Carbon Footprints of LLM-Powered Intelligent Chatbots

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Intelligent chatbots powered by large language models(LLMs)have recently been sweeping the world,with potential for a wide variety of industrial applications.Global frontier technology companies are feverishly participating in LLM-powered chatbot design and development,providing several alternatives beyond the famous ChatGPT.However,training,fine-tuning,and updating such intelligent chatbots con-sume substantial amounts of electricity,resulting in significant carbon emissions.The research and devel-opment of all intelligent LLMs and software,hardware manufacturing(e.g.,graphics processing units and supercomputers),related data/operations management,and material recycling supporting chatbot ser-vices are associated with carbon emissions to varying extents.Attention should therefore be paid to the entire life-cycle energy and carbon footprints of LLM-powered intelligent chatbots in both the present and future in order to mitigate their climate change impact.In this work,we clarify and highlight the energy consumption and carbon emission implications of eight main phases throughout the life cycle of the development of such intelligent chatbots.Based on a life-cycle and interaction analysis of these phases,we propose a system-level solution with three strategic pathways to optimize the management of this industry and mitigate the related footprints.While anticipating the enormous potential of this advanced technology and its products,we make an appeal for a rethinking of the mitigation pathways and strategies of the life-cycle energy usage and carbon emissions of the LLM-powered intelligent chatbot industry and a reshaping of their energy and environmental implications at this early stage of development.

Large language modelsIntelligent chatbotsCarbon emissionsEnergy and environmental footprintsLife-cycle assessmentGlobal cooperation

Peng Jiang、Christian Sonne、Wangliang Li、Fengqi You、Siming You

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Department of Industrial Engineering and Management,Business School,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China

Department of Ecoscience,Aarhus University,Roskilde DK-4000,Denmark

Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China

Systems Engineering,Cornell University,Ithaca,NY 14853,USA

James Watt School of Engineering,University of Glasgow,Glasgow G12 8QQ,UK

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National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaSystem Science and Enterprise Development Research CenterEngineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC)ProgrammeScience and Technology Support Project of Guizhou Province

7206112700472104164Xq22B04EP/V030515/1[2019]12839

2024

10.1016/j.eng.2024.04.002

工程(英文)

工程(英文)

CSTPCDEI
ISSN：2095-8099
年,卷(期)：2024.40(9)