DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ROCK-ICE AVALANCHE DISAS-TER CHAIN IN THE ZELONGNONG BASIN,YARLUNG ZANGBO RIVER CANYON REGION
The glaciers downstream of the Yarlung Zangbo River are widely distributed,with frequent occurrences of rock-ice avalanches.These avalanches often lead to secondary disasters,such as debris flows or avalanches,cau-sing significant damage.Through field investigations,combined with multi-phase remote sensing images and aerial photography,this study analyzes the geomorphic characteristics and dynamic effects of high-altitude disasters in the Zelongnong Basin.The research results reveal the following:Due to the significant vertical drop,the Zelongnong Basin exhibits typical vertical zonality.The distribution characteristics and morphology can be categorized into three geomorphic types:high and steep glacial micro-geomorphology,curved gully micro-geomorphology,and deposit mi-cro-geomorphology.The progression of the rock-ice avalanche disaster chain can be divided into four stages:rock-ice avalanches,debris flows,river blocking,and flooding.Debris flows exhibit complex dynamic effects,primarily including impact disintegration,soil-rock mixture arching,dynamic erosion,and debris deposition.These aspects provide valuable information for studying the flow behavior and dynamic processes of particles.Moraine accumula-tion is concentrated at the ice tongue,with numerous cracks distributed at the front and rear edges of the ice tongue.Over time,internal cracks expand and accumulate,leading to a decrease in stress arch bearing capacity and subse-quent damage.In the future,under the influence of climate change and strong tectonic activity,the risk of rock-ice avalanches in the downstream Yarlung Zangbo River is extremely high.Early warning systems and risk mitigation measures for basin disasters should be prioritized.
Rock-ice avalanche disaster chainGeomorphologyVertical zonalityDynamic effectsThe Yarlung Zangbo River
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