Effect of Clay Minerals on the Supercritical Water Upgrading of Heavy Oil
The supercritical water upgrading(SCWU)of heavy oil and influence pattern of clay minerals(including montmorillonite,kaolinite,illite,and chlorite)on the SCWU process were in-vestigated through experiments.The study mainly covered the influence law of clay minerals on the yield and composition of the main products(gas,oil,and coke).The influence of clay minerals on the products of the heavy oil SCWU process was summarized,and their influence mechanisms were analyzed.Chlorite and montmorillonite were found to have a positive catalytic effect on the yield of SCWU process,which could increase or maintain the oil and gas production while inhibiting coking.Illite and kaolinite showed a two-way catalytic effect,i.e.,promoted the conversion of oil to gas and coke at the same time.In terms of gas products,the presence of montmorillonite increased the gas yield while increasing the proportion of carbon dioxide in the gas products.In contrast,the catalytic effect of illite,chlorite and kaolinite was to increase the gas yield without changing the gas composition.In terms of oil products,the presence of chlorite increases oil production,while the presence of the remaining three clay minerals decreases oil production.Also,clay minerals were able to catalyze the cracking of heavy components in heavy oil to light components.In terms of coke products,clay minerals showed a significant effect on the coke yield and characteristics.Montmo-rillonite and chlorite caused a significant decrease in the coke yield.Moreover,clay minerals were able to cause a significant decrease in the DTG peak temperature of coke,which resulted in a better oxidation of coke.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
